JUnit is a unit testing framework for the Java programming language, which you can use to execute tests. JUnit is used primarily to test every unit or component of your application, such as classes and methods. It is helpful to write and run repeatable automated tests to ensure your code is running as intended. The framework provides support for Selenium for automated testing of web applications or websites.
This tutorial will help you to learn about JUnit annotations in Selenium. We would be looking at JUnit annotations in Selenium, such as when they are executed, and some special JUnit annotations that are used for a specific purpose.
Before we move on to Selenium’s JUnit annotations, let’s quickly recap the reasons behind JUnit’s popularity among the testing community.
Why is JUnit so popular among testers?
JUnit is considered by many to be one of the top Java test frameworks. Below are some of the reasons behind it.
- It’s an open-source framework.
- It offers integrations with IDEs such as Eclipse, IntelliJ, etc. so you can test run your code quickly and easily.
- Allows you to connect with CI/CD tools such as Jenkins, etc. to create a strong delivery pipeline.
- You can conveniently compare actual results with expected results by offering assertions.
- Provides annotations that tell you what type of test methods they are.
- Allows you to create a test suite that includes multiple test cases.
- It provides a Test Runner that allows you to easily execute a Test Suite.
- It improves the readability, elegance, and quality of the test code.
- It provides JUnit test report generation in HTML format.
What Are JUnit Annotations?
The pros above say that JUnit annotations in Selenium help us identify the types of methods we’ve defined in our test code. But the questions are,
1. How do we utilize JUnit annotations within Selenium?
2. What are the terms used to define JUnit annotations in Selenium?
3. When do we use JUnit annotations?
If you are also facing the same questions, this tutorial will help you answer them.
Annotations are the meta-tags that give more information about the methods and classes in our code structure.
In order to use JUnit with Selenium WebDriver for testing, it is necessary to add JUnit annotations to our script.
Below is the list of JUnit annotations in Selenium.
Common JUnit 4 Annotations in Selenium
- @BeforeClass
- @Before
- @Test
- @After
- @AfterClass
- @Ignore
- Test(timeout=500)
- @Test(expected=IllegalArgumentException.class)
Common annotations are in detailed
| S.No. | Annotations | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | @Test | This annotation is a replacement of org.junit.TestCase This means that the public void method to which it is attached can be executed as a test Case. |
| 2. | @Before | This annotation is used to execute statements before each test case, such as preconditions. |
| 3. | @BeforeClass | This annotation is used if you want to execute some statements before all the test cases. For example, you may want to execute a test to ensure that the connection to the database is working before you run all the other tests. |
| 4. | @After | This annotation can be used to execute some statements after each Test Case. For example, you could use it to reset variables or delete temporary files. |
| 5. | @AfterClass | This annotation can be used if you want to do something after all test cases are done, like releasing resources. |
| 6. | @Ignores | This annotation can be used if you want to ignore some statements during test execution. |
| 7. | @Test(timeout=500) | This annotation can be used if you want to set a timeout during test execution, for example, if you are working under some SLA. In this case, you may want to make sure that the tests are completed within a specified time. |
| 8. | @Test(expected=IllegalArgumentException.class) | The annotations can be used if you want to handle an exception during test execution. For example, if you want to determine whether a particular method is throwing the specified exception or not. |
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